Skip to main content

Linux Examples

TF Card​

After inserting the card, inspect the kernel log and block devices:

dmesg | tail -n 50
lsblk

The manual shows /dev/mmcblk1p1, but the real node must be taken from lsblk:

mkdir -p /mnt/tf
mount /dev/mmcblk1p1 /mnt/tf
ls -la /mnt/tf

TF card mount

Audio Playback​

List cards and PCM devices first:

aplay -l
aplay -L

Play a WAV file:

aplay /mnt/tf/test.wav

Linux audio playback

USB Drive​

dmesg | tail -n 50
lsblk
mkdir -p /mnt/usb
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/usb
ls -la /mnt/usb

The /dev/sda4 node shown in the source manual is only one partition example and is not fixed.

USB drive mount

Wired Ethernet​

After connecting a cable, check link and addressing:

ip link show eth0
ip addr show eth0
ip route
ethtool eth0
ping -c 4 192.168.1.1

When the image does not include ip, use ifconfig and route -n as temporary alternatives.

Ethernet link log

  1. Use dmesg to confirm that the driver probed successfully.
  2. Check the device node and sysfs nodes.
  3. Check power, clocks, reset, and pin multiplexing.
  4. Then check user-space mounting, network configuration, or audio routing.